The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the country, laying out the framework of the government and the rights of its citizens. It was adopted on November 26, 1949, and came into effect on January 26, 1950, making India a republic.
The making of the Indian Constitution was a long and arduous process that began in 1946 with the appointment of the Constituent Assembly. The Assembly was tasked with drafting a new Constitution for India, which would replace the Government of India Act 1935. The Assembly was made up of representatives from across the country, including members of the Congress party, the Muslim League, and other political parties.
The drafting process was led by Dr B. R. Ambedkar, who is considered the chief architect of the Indian Constitution. He was assisted by a drafting committee, which included Alladi Krishnaswamy Ayyar, N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar, Mahavir Tyagi, and B. L. Mitter. The drafting committee worked on the Constitution for more than two years, and it was finally adopted by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949.
One of the unique features of the Indian Constitution is its length. At around 117,000 words, it is one of the longest Constitutions in the world. This is due to the fact that it includes extensive provisions on the rights of citizens, as well as detailed instructions on the organization and functioning of the government.
The Indian Constitution is divided into 22 parts and has 448 articles. It also has 12 schedules. It lays down the fundamental principles of governance, such as the separation of powers between the different branches of government, the protection of individual rights, and the federal structure of the government.
The Constitution also guarantees certain fundamental rights to citizens, including the right to equality, the right to freedom of speech and expression, the right to life and personal liberty, and the right to practice any religion. It also includes provisions for the protection of minorities, and for the reservation of seats for scheduled castes and tribes in the government.
The Constitution also establishes an independent judiciary, which is responsible for interpreting the Constitution and ensuring that the government and other organizations abide by it.
The manuscript of the Indian Constitution is a beautiful piece of art. The original manuscript of the Constitution was written by Prem Behari Narain Raizada in a flowing italic calligraphy. The use of different types of handwriting for different parts of the Constitution added to its artistic appeal. The Constitution was also illustrated with beautiful drawings and decorations, making it a true work of art.
The original manuscript of the Constitution is now housed in the Parliament Library in New Delhi, where it is on display for visitors to see. It is considered a national treasure and is a symbol of the country’s democratic heritage.
In conclusion, The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the country, laying out the framework of the government and the rights of its citizens. The process of making it was a long and arduous process, led by Dr B. R. Ambedkar, who is considered the chief architect of the Indian Constitution. The Constitution guarantees certain fundamental rights to citizens, including the right to equality, the right to freedom of speech and expression, the right to life and personal liberty, and the right to practice any religion. The manuscript of the Indian Constitution is also a beautiful piece of art which is now housed in the Parliament Library in New Delhi and is considered a national treasure.
